The printing method can be divided into three types: direct fabric printing, discharge printing, and anti-dye printing according to the different printing processes.
One fabric direct printing
Direct printing is the simplest and most commonly used printing method among all printing methods. According to the different requirements of the pattern, direct printing can get three effects. That is, white land, land and color. White area is the area of ​​the printing part is small, white area is large; Montreal flowers are most of the area of ​​the fabric are printed with color; the color of the flower is the first dyed good color, and then printed on the pattern, this printing method is also called the cover India. The dyeing ground cover printing process is suitable for the color of the flowers and the ground color are the sister colors of the same kind of color, and the shallow depth is more. The direct printing of various dyes is described below.
1. Reactive dye direct printing Reactive dye direct printing has the following advantages: simple process, complete chromatogram, bright color, good wet fastness, easy color matching, low printing cost, good printing effect, etc. It is the most common dye used in printing. one. The disadvantage is that some of the reactive dyes have poor color fastness to chlorine and color fastness to weather, and improper post-treatment can easily cause white rashes.
2. Disperse dyes Direct printing Disperse dyes are the main dyes for polyester fabric printing. Polyester printing fabrics mainly include polyester filament fabrics and polyester/cotton blend fabrics. When disperse dyes are selected, sublimation color fastness, sun-fastness color fastness, even dyeability, fixation rate and other factors should be taken into consideration to ensure the printing quality. When disperse dyes are used to print polyester-cotton blended fabrics, the general amount is controlled to be less than 1%. Otherwise, the phenomenon of "silver filaments" is likely to occur.
When polyester/cotton fabrics are printed with a dark pattern, two dyes are used to mix and print. Commonly used processes are disperse dyes and reactive dyes in the same paste printing. During printing, disperse dyes, reactive dyes, alkali agents, auxiliaries and raw pastes are prepared into color pastes and printed on fabrics. After drying, disperse dyes are first dyed with hot melt and then steamed to make the dyes in cotton. Fix the color on the fiber. The main problem to be noted is the mutual coloration of the two dyes.
3. Acid dyes Directly printed acid dyes (mainly acid dyes dyed in weak acid baths) are commonly used dyes for direct printing of silk fabrics and nylon fabrics. They have complete chromatograms, bright color, and good fastness. Can also be used for the printing of wool fabrics.
Silk fabric printing when using acid dyes, we must pay attention to master the maximum amount of dye, otherwise, the increase in floating color, washed easily when the white is not white and fading. Ammonium sulfate is an acid releasing agent, and other acid releasing agents such as tartaric acid or ammonium oxalate can also be used. Sodium chlorate is used to resist the destruction of dyes by reducing substances when steaming, and urea and thiodiethanol are used as auxiliary solvents to help dissolve the dyes. The printing paste is commonly used with white paste, yellow paste or mixed paste of sodium alginate and emulsification paste. Wait. After the fabric is printed and dried, it is steamed in a cylinder steaming box. The steam pressure during steaming is 8.84×10 4 Pa ​​(0.9Kg/cm 2 ), and the steaming time is 30-40 minutes. In order to improve the color fastness, Fixing Agent Y can be used for fixing. If the paste contains starch paste, the fabric must be de-slurried by BF-7658 amylase. The washing must be sufficient. Use a device with small mechanical tension to avoid scratching the fabric.
The direct printing of acid dyes on nylon fabrics is basically the same as the printing process of silk fabrics. However, when the color is fixed after printing, tannic acid and tartaric acid can be used, and the fixing effect is more remarkable than the fixing agent Y.
The type 1:2 acidic coal-containing dyestuff has the same printing method as the acid dye for the silk fabric, but no acid or acid-releasing agent is added in the color paste, and the color fixing is required in the post-printing treatment. In general, it is often used together with acid dyes for deep dark colors.
4. Direct dyeing of cationic dyes Cationic dyes are the main dyes for acrylic printing. Acrylic dyes on acrylic can be used to obtain very rich colors not found in other dyes. The cation dye has a complete chromatogram and all the color fastnesses are good. The original printing paste uses synthetic dragon glue and its mixed paste. Because cationic dyes have higher directness to acrylic and poorer diffusion, steaming time after printing is longer and loose steaming equipment should be used to prevent acrylic fabrics from being deformed under tension by heating.
5. Paint direct printing Paint printing is a printing method that forms a transparent resin film on the fabric with an adhesive and mechanically adheres insoluble pigments on the fibers. Paint printing does not have direct fiber problems. Suitable for printing of various fiber fabrics and blended fabrics. The paint printing process is simple, the chromatography is complete, the color matching is convenient, the outline of the pattern is clear, no washing, and the printing and dyeing wastewater can be reduced. However, the fastness to rubbing and the fastness to brushing are not ideal. When printing a large area of ​​a pattern, the hand feel is poor and the brightness of the color is not sufficient.
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